Systemic validation example

The building slab shown in Fig. E1-1 is a typical reinforced concrete structural element designed to carry heavy loads within a building. The building slab has a thickness of t = 24 cm. It has two door openings, a small recess and three supports.E1.1 Structural system and loadingFig. E1-1: Structural system and loadingThe columns S1 and S2 are fully fixed at supports A and B. Support C is restrained in the x-direction and the z-direction.The structural slab is subjected to a constant distributed load of p = 150 kN/m and three point loads P1 = 300 kN, P2 = 210 kN and P3 = 440 kN at its upper…

Standards-based verification example

The system consists of a simple steel section as shown in Fig. D1-1 and Table D1-1. The section is subjected to axial force, bending moment and shear force; the aim is to determine the load-bearing capacity of the section. As the rules set out in DIN EN 1993-1-1 are not applicable to all cross-sections and load levels, it is to be expected that software implementations will show certain deviations.Firstly, it is shown that the required load-bearing capacity can be determined with sufficient accuracy, even though there are deviations in the implemented formulae which influence the results to…

Experimental validation example

The following example is intended to verify material-non-linear calculations of reinforced concrete beams.Fig. C1-1 shows the dimensions and reinforcement of a beam with a total length of l = 3.3 m. The beam is supported by steel plates resting on freely moving roller bearings. A steel plate is positioned above this. The load is applied at the centre of the beam by a hydraulic press. The material properties of the concrete were determined from a total of twelve cylinders with a diameter of 150 mm or 300 mm (see Table C1-1).The stress–strain curve for the longitudinal reinforcement is shown in…

Numerical verification example

The beam shown in Fig. B1-1 and described in the classification and Table B1-1, which is supported on both ends by fork-type supports, is subjected to biaxial bending due to the forces Fy and Fz. The internal forces and deflections are to be determined, taking into account the camber force torsion in accordance with first- and second-order elasticity theory as well as the exact geometrically non-linear theory, without considering shear deformations.Fig. B1-1: Fork-supported beam subjected to biaxial loadingTable B1-1: Geometry, material properties and loadingGeometryMaterial propertiesLoadingl…

Analytical verification example

A plate with a circular hole (see Fig. A1-1 and Table A1-1) at its centre is subjected to a constant line load p at the ends of the plate. The system is therefore in equilibrium. The structural model is shown in Fig. A1-1.The task is to determine the maximum stress peak σxx,A (point A) at the edge of the hole, assuming a plane stress state.Fig. A1-1: Plate with a holeThe parameters of the plate are described in Table A1-1.Table A1-1: Parameters of the plateDimensionsL = 1.50 mD = 0.50 md = 0.20 mh = 0.15 mt = 0.01 mStrain parametersE = 2.1 × 10⁵ MPaν = 0.30Compressive stressp = 20.0 kN/m